Say NO to the principles of “responsible” agro-enterprise investment promoted by the World Bank
State and private investors, from Citadel Capital to Goldman Sachs, are leasing or buying up tens of millions of hectares of farmlands in Asia, Africa and Latin America for food and fuel production. This land grabbing is a serious threat for the food sovereignty of our peoples and the right to food of our rural communities. In response to this new wave of land grabbing, the World Bank (WB) is promoting a set of seven principles to guide such investments and make them successful. The FAO, IFAD and UNCTAD have agreed to join the WB in collectively pushing these principles. [1] Their starting point is the fact that the current rush of private sector interest to buy up farmland is risky. After all, the WB has just finalised a study showing the magnitude of this trend and its central focus on transferring rights over agricultural land in developing countries to foreign investors. The WB seems convinced that all private capital flows to expand global agribusiness operations where they have not yet taken hold are good and must be allowed to proceed so that the corporate sector can extract more wealth from the countryside. Since these investment deals are hinged on massive privatisation and transfer of land rights, the WB wants them to meet a few criteria to reduce the risks of social backlash: respect the rights of existing users of land, water and other resources (by paying them off); protect and improve livelihoods at the household and community level (provide jobs and social services); and do no harm to the environment. These are the core ideas behind the WB's seven principles for socially acceptable land grabbing.
These principles will not accomplish their ostensible objectives. They are rather a move to try to legitimize land grabbing. Facilitating the long-term corporate (foreign and domestic) takeover of rural people's farmlands is completely unacceptable no matter which guidelines are followed. The WB's principles, which would be entirely voluntary, aim to distract from the fact that today's global food crisis, marked by more than 1 billion people going hungry each day, will not be solved by large scale industrial agriculture, which virtually all of these land acquisitions aim to promote.
Land grabbing has already started to intensify in many countries over the past 10-15 years with the adoption of deregulation policies, trade and investment agreements, and market oriented governance reforms. The recent food and financial crises have provided the impetus for a surge in land grabbing by governments and financial investors trying to secure agricultural production capacity and future food supplies as well as assets that are sure to fetch high returns. Wealthy governments have sought to lease agricultural lands for long periods of time to feed their populations and industries back home. At the same time, corporations are seeking long term economic concessions for plantation agriculture to produce agro-fuels, rubber, oils, etc. These trends are also visible in coastal areas, where land, marine resources and water bodies are being sold, leased, or developed for tourism to corporate investors and local elites, at the expense of artisanal fishers and coastal communities. One way or the other, agricultural lands and forests are being diverted away from smallhold producers, fishers and pastoralists to commercial purposes, and leading to displacement, hunger and poverty.
With the current farmland grab, corporate driven globalisation has reached a new phase that will undermine peoples’ self-determination, food sovereignty and survival as never before. The WB and many governments see land and rights to land, as a crucial asset base for corporations seeking high returns on capital since land is not only the basis for producing food and raw materials for the new energy economy, but also a way to capture water. Land is being revalued on purely economic terms by the WB, governments and corporations and in the process, the multi-functionality, and ecological, social and cultural values of land are being negated. It is thus more important than ever that these resources are defended from corporate and state predation and instead be made available to those who need them to feed themselves and others sustainably, and to survive as communities and societies.
Land grabbing – even where there are no related forced evictions - denies land for local communities, destroys livelihoods, reduces the political space for peasant oriented agricultural policies and distorts markets towards increasingly concentrated agribusiness interests and global trade rather than towards sustainable peasant/smallhold production for local and national markets. Land grabbing will accelerate eco-system destruction and the climate crisis because of the type of monoculture oriented, industrial agricultural production that many of these “acquired” lands will be used for. Promoting or permitting land grabbing violates the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and undermines the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Land grabbing ignores the principles adopted by the International Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Development (ICARRD) in 2006 and the recommendations made by the International Assessment of Agricultural Science and Technology for Development (IAASTD).
Land grabbing must be immediately stopped. The WB’s principles attempt to create the illusion that land grabbing can proceed without disastrous consequences to peoples, communities, eco-systems and the climate. This illusion is false and misleading. Farmer's and indigenous peoples organisations, social movements and civil society groups largely agree that what we need instead is to:
- Keep land in the hands of local communities and implement genuine agrarian reform in order to ensure equitable access to land and natural resources.
- Heavily support agro-ecological peasant, smallhold farming, fishing and pastoralism, including participatory research and training programmes so that small-scale food providers can produce ample, healthy and safe food for everybody.
- Overhaul farm and trade policies to embrace food sovereignty and support local and regional markets that people can participate in and benefit from.
- Promote community-oriented food and farming systems hinged on local people's control over land, water and biodiversity. Enforce strict mandatory regulations that curb the access of corporations and other powerful actors (state and private) to agricultural, coastal and grazing lands, forests, and wetlands.
No principles in the world can justify land grabbing!
La Via Campesina – FIAN – Land Research Action Network – GRAIN
22 April 2010
Statement co-sponsored by:
Africa
African Biodiversity Network (ABN)
Anywaa Survival Organisation, Ethiopia
Association Centre Ecologique Albert Schweitzer (CEAS BURKINA), Burkina Faso
Coordination Nationale des Usagers des Ressources Naturelles du Bassin du Niger au Mali, Mali
CNCR (Conseil National de Concertation et de Coopération des Ruraux), Sénégal
Collectif pour la Défense des Terres Malgaches TANY, Madagascar
Confédération Paysanne du Congo, Congo RDC
COPAGEN (Coalition pour la protection du patrimoine génétique africaine)
East African Farmers Federation (EAFF)
Eastern and Southern Africa Small Scale Farmers' Forum (ESAFF)
Economic Justice Network of FOCCISA, Southern Africa
Food Security, Policy and Advocacy Network (FoodSPAN), Ghana
FORA/DESC, Niger
Ghana Civil Society Coalition on Land (CICOL), Ghana
Haki Ardhi, Tanzania
Inades-Formation
IPACC (Indigenous People of Africa Co-ordinating Committee)
London International Oromo Workhshop Group, Ethiopia
ROPPA (Réseau des Organisations Paysannes et des Producteurs de l'Afrique de l'Ouest)
Synergie Paysanne, Bénin
Asia
Aliansi Gerakan Reforma Agraria (AGRA), Indonesia
All Nepal Peasants' Association (ANPA), Nepal
Alternative Agriculture Network, Thailand
Alternate Forum for Research in Mindanao (AFRIM), Philippines
Andhra Pradesh Vyvasaya Vruthidarula Union (APVVU), India
Anti Debt Coalition (KAU), Indonesia
Aquila Ismail, Pakistan
Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC)
Bantad Mountain Range Conservation Network, Thailand
Biothai (Thailand)
Bridges Across Borders Southeast Asia, Cambodia
Centre for Agrarian Reform, Empowerment and Transformation, Inc., Philippines
Centro Saka, Inc., Philippines
CIDSE, Lao PDR
Daulat Institute, Indonesia
Delhi Forum, India
Focus on the Global South, India, Thailand, Philippines
Foundation for Ecological Recovery/TERRA, Thailand
Four Regions Slum Network, Thailand
Friends of the Earth Indonesia (WALHI), Indonesia
HASATIL, Timor Leste
IMSE, India
Indian Social Action Forum (INSAF), India
Indonesian Fisher folk Union (SNI), Indonesia
Indonesian Human Rights Committee for Social Justice (IHCS), Indonesia
Indonesian Peasant' Union (SPI). Indonesia
International Collective in Support of Fishworkers (ICSF), India
Kelompok Studi dan Pengembangan Prakarsa Masyarakat/Study Group for the People Initiative Development (KSPPM), Indonesia
KIARA-Fisheries Justice Coalition of Indonesia, Indonesia
Klongyong and Pichaipuben Land Cooperatives, Thailand
Land Reform Network of Thailand, Thailand
Lokoj Institute, Bangladesh
MARAG, India
Melanesian Indigenous Land Defense Alliance (MILDA)
My Village, Cambodia
National Fisheries Solidarity Movement (NAFSO), Sri Lanka
National Fishworkers Forum, India
National Forum of Forest Peoples and Forest Workers, India
Northeastern Land Reform Network, Thailand
Northern Peasant Federation, Thailand
NZNI, Mongolia
PARAGOS-Pilipinas, Philippines
Pastoral Peoples Movement, India
PCC, Mongolia
People's Coalition for the Rights to Water (KruHA), Indonesia
PERMATIL (Permaculture), Timor-Leste
Perween Rehman, Pakistan
Project for Ecological Awareness Building (EAB),Thailand
Roots for Equity, Pakistan
Sintesa Foundation, Indonesia
Social Action for Change, Cambodia
Solidarity Workshop, Bangladesh
Southern Farmer Federation, Thailand
Sustainable Agriculture Foundation, Thailand
The NGO Forum on Cambodia, Cambodia
Village Focus Cambodia, Cambodia
Village Focus International, Lao PDR
World Forum of Fisher Peoples (WFFP), Sri Lanka
Latin America
Asamblea de Afectados Ambientales, México
BIOS, Argentina
COECO-Ceiba (Amigos de la Tierra), Costa Rica
FIAN Comayagua, Honduras
Grupo Semillas, Colombia
Red de Biodiversidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica
Red en Defensa del Maiz, México
REL-UITA
Sistema de la Investigación de la Problemática Agraria del Ecuador (SIPAE), Ecuador
Europe
Both Ends, Netherlands
CADTM, Belgium
Centre Tricontinental – CETRI, Belgium
CNCD-11.11.11, Belgium
Comité belgo-brasileiro, Belgium
Entraide et Fraternité, Belgium
FIAN Austria
FIAN Belgium
FIAN France
FIAN Netherlands
FIAN Norway
FIAN Sweden
FUGEA, Belgium
Guatemala Solidarität, Austria
SOS Faim – Agir avec le Sud, Belgium
The Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity, Italy
The Transnational Institute (TNI), Netherlands
Uniterre, Switzerland
North America
Agricultural Missions, Inc. (AMI), USA
Columban Center for Advocacy and Outreach, USA
Cumberland Countians for Peace & Justice, USA
Grassroots International, USA
National Family Farm Coalition, USA
Network for Environmental & Economic Responsibility, United Church of Christ, USA
Pete Von Christierson, USA
PLANT (Partners for the Land & Agricultural Needs of Traditional Peoples), USA
Raj Patel, Visiting Scholar, Center for African Studies, University of California at Berkeley, USA
The Institute for Food and Development Policy (Food First), USA
Why Hunger, USA
International
FIAN International
Friends of the Earth International
GRAIN
La Vía Campesina
Land Research Action Network (LRAN)
World Alliance of Mobile Indigenous People (WAMIP)
World Rainforest Movement (WRM)
[1] "Principles for Responsible Agricultural Investment that Respects Rights, Livelihoods and Resources " Available at:
http://www.donorplatform.org/ component/option,com_docman/ task,doc_view/gid,1280